THE STORY OF AN AUDACIOUS CONTEST

A metaphoric battle in America’s coming of age ~ psychic independence from Britain’s lingering shroud at the turn of the 20th century.

In November 1905, the peak of foxhunting season: two tiny towns in Virginia’s Piedmont, poor and nearly forgotten after the Civil War and a recent depression, saw the coming of illustrious foxhunters to raise their hopes. There was to be a contest, a Great Hound Match, between two packs of foxhounds, one English and one American…

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Original watercolor by Cuthbert Bradley, 1885. Courtesy of National Sporting Library & Museum Archives.

The Wagon Train

All of his best hunting friends had come along for the sport bringing with them strings of horses, tack and chests of necessities, including food and wine of course, for who knew what was available in the backwoods of Virginia? First Philly and then Washington, then deeper and deeper into the countryside behind a decrepit steam engine belching soot and stopping every five miles until it reached The Plains, a crossroads with nothing but the station and a post office, combined. A crowd of Virginians, most very friendly, but some practically jeering, had come to see the Yankees.

[From The Great Hound Match of 1905. Original watercolor by Cuthbert Bradley, 1885. Courtesy of National Sporting Library & Museum Archives.]

The Pack

Two strangers came to two towns in Virginia bringing with them their separate entourages—private train loads of friends and their horses, trunks of tack, boots, formal and informal clothing, food and wine, servants and of course their hound dogs.

Alexander Henry Higginson of South Lincoln and Harry Worcester Smith of Grafton, Massachusetts had determined that the Loudoun Valley in Virginia’s pastoral Piedmont was the best place to prove the relative worth of their chosen foxhounds.

[From The Great Hound Match of 1905. Photo courtesy NSLM]

Hound v. Hound

The hounds that Mr. Higginson so adamantly championed were bred in the heart of England’s Midlands. Smith had bred his own hounds from stock he had purchased in Virginia and Kentucky. Where Smith’s hounds were prized for their unmistakable musical cry, individuality and hard-driving attitude, with or without their pack mates, English hounds were known for their pliability, their obedience and their willingness to stay together and hunt as a pack. For Higginson, the rub was Smith’s lack of respect for Tradition and the foxhound’s English heritage.

[From The Great Hound Match of 1905. Photo courtesy NSLM]

The Match

They hunted sunrise to sundown those first two weeks of November, 1905. The weather was warm and dry the first week, but a rising scent in the second week’s frosty mornings sent hounds screaming across the Piedmont Hunt’s territory throughout the Goose Creek and Beaverdam Creek watersheds north and south of the Ashby Gap Turnpike.

This fixture card, signed by Allen Potts, editor of The Richmond Times Dispatch and scribe for The Match, announces the time and place for Day 4 of The Great Hound Match of 1905. [From The Great Hound Match of 1905. Photo courtesy NSLM]

Harry

Harry Worcester Smith not only fit the mold—good conscientious citizen—he made the mold: industrial ‘harmonizer’(his word), erudite sportsman, bibliophile, art connoisseur and collector, peerless amateur, self-promoter, opinionated capitalist, hard-headed egotist. He could be accused of squandering his wherewithal on the quintessential rich-man’s sport—foxhunting—but to Harry foxhunting, steeple chasing, racing thoroughbred horses and hounds weren’t just pastimes, they were the key to America’s successes at home and abroad. Harry Worcester Smith liked to say that he did everything, always and forever: ‘For the Sake of Sport in America.’

[From The Great Hound Match of 1905. Photo courtesy NSLM]

Hig

Alexander Henry Higginson was a Harvard man, a Brahmin of Puritan and Unitarian stock. He tried science, but put it aside; thought of business, but no. He was, above all else, exclusively, a foxhunter. Beginning in his late teens, foxhunting became his passion, his avocation, his vocation. ‘We all have hobbies,’ he writes in the Preface to an unpublished manuscript, ‘Mine is foxhunting. I think of it, dream of it, talk of it all the time.’ He took it on, not only as a gentleman’s pastime, but as a mantle, an identity, a persona. He was the gentleman foxhunter.

[From The Great Hound Match of 1905. Photo courtesy NSLM]

Tally Ho

“You reckon he’s under there?” Jim Maddux asked Robert Cotesworth, pointing to a giant boulder. Cotesworth just nodded and continued to congratulate his hounds. “Well done, my bonnies,” he crooned to them, and one by one they came to lick the hand that fed them. “You holed your fox,” Maddux quizzed the huntsman further. “Why don’t you put your terriers to work?” Each of the Middlesex whips rode with a little fox terrier in a pouch on his back. Just now they were both yapping to get down. Cotesworth looked at the boulder, then at the judge and said, “It’s not terriers you want sir, but a big stick of dynamite to do the trick.”

[From The Great Hound Match of 1905. Photo courtesy Dr. Joseph and Donna Rogers, photographer Herman Haas.]

Full Cry

“…it was not until 1898 that I had a chance of seeing a pack of Virginia fox-killing hounds,” writes Harry Worcester Smith in his unpublished autobiography. As the guest of H. Rozier Dulany, who would sponsor The Match six years later, Smith got a taste of the country he came to love and the hounds he spent the rest of his life promoting.

He chose hounds from Burr Frank Bywaters’ pack, and from Charles Bunning’s Cold Springs, Kentucky pack for his primary stock. Within three seasons he had purchased over 150 hounds. This picture of American foxhounds was taken in Leesburg, Virginia, in 1909. [From The Great Hound Match of 1905. Photo courtesy NSLM]

Women in the Field

From Day One the women in The Match were phenomenal. Allen Potts, whose wife, the former Gertrude Rives, was Master and huntsman—the only woman huntsman in the US at the time—of The Castle Hill Hounds outside Richmond, Virginia, included in his daily wires to the Times-Dispatch the progress of the eight or ten women who rode in The Match every day. Beginning with Terry Dulany’s sensational jump the first day of The Match on her horse ‘Welbourne Bachelor,’ Potts was clearly in awe of the Amazons riding to hounds that November.

[From The Great Hound Match of 1905. Photo courtesy NSLM]

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PRESS FOR THE GREAT HOUND MATCH OF 1905

“Wolfe writes about history as if it were contemporary…Martha’s portraits of small-town Virginia huntsmen and their horses and dogs have the metaphorical heft and the linguistic elegance of the many others who have written about hunting before her.”

-Susan Cheever, author of E. E. Cummings: A Poet’s Life and American Bloomsbury: Louisa May Alcott, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Margaret Fuller, Nathaniel Hawthorn, and Henry David Thoreau